Muscles of hip
| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Nerve Supply |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gluteus Maximus | Ilium, sacrum, coccyx | Iliotibial band (ITB) & gluteal tuberosity of femur | Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) |
| Gluteus Medius | Ilium | Greater trochanter | Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) |
| Gluteus Minimus | Ilium | Greater trochanter | Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) |
| Piriformis | Sacrum | Greater trochanter | Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2) |
| Superior Gemellus | Ischium | Greater trochanter | Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) |
| Obturator Internus | Obturator membrane & foramen | Greater trochanter | Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) |
| Inferior Gemellus | Ischium | Greater trochanter | Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) |
| Quadratus Femoris | Ischium | Intertrochanteric crest of femur | Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) |
| Obturator Externus | Outer surface of obturator membrane | Trochanteric fossa | Obturator nerve (L3, L4) |
| Pectineus | Pecten pubis | Pectineal line of femur | Femoral nerve (L2, L3) (occasional obturator branch) |
| Psoas Major | T12–L5 vertebral bodies & transverse processes | Lesser trochanter | Ventral rami of L1–L3 |
| Iliacus | Iliac fossa | Lesser trochanter | Femoral nerve (L2, L3) |
Quick Summary by Function
- Extensor of hip: Gluteus maximus
- Abductors of hip: Gluteus medius, minimus
- Lateral rotators: Piriformis, gemelli, obturators, quadratus femoris
- Flexors of hip: Iliopsoas (iliacus + psoas), pectineus